Hypotension is low blood pressure. This is best understood as a physiologic state, rather than a disease. It is often associated with shock, though not necessarily indicative of it. Hypotension is the opposite of hypertension, which is high blood pressure. Hypotension can be life-threatening.
Hypotension is a medical concern only if it causes signs or symptoms, such as dizziness, fainting, or, in extreme cases, shock. Normal blood pressure in adults is lower than 120/80 mmHg. Hypotension is blood pressure that's lower than 90/60 mmHg.
In a healthy person, low blood pressure without signs or symptoms usually isn't a problem and needs no treatment. If low blood pressure causes signs or symptoms, your doctor will try to find and treat the underlying condition that's causing it.
Most forms of hypotension happen because your body can't bring blood pressure back to normal or can't do it fast enough. Some people have low blood pressure all of the time. They have no signs or symptoms, and their low blood pressure is normal for them. In other people, certain conditions or factors cause blood pressure to drop below normal.
Hypotension treatment depends on the type of hypotension you have, how severe signs and symptoms are, age, overall health and how easily you can stop, start, or change medicines.
There are a number of treatments for orthostatic hypotension. If you have this type of low blood pressure, your doctor may advise making lifestyle changes such as:
Several medicines also are used to treat orthostatic hypotension. These medicines, which raise blood pressure, include fludrocortisone and midodrine.
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