Hodgkin's disease (Lymphogranulomatosis), is a type of lymphoma, which is a type of cancer originating from white blood cells called lymphocytes. The disease is characterized by the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells (RS cells) on microscopic examination.
The disease occurrence shows two peaks: the first in young adulthood (age 15–35) and the second in those over 55 years old.
Risk factors include
A patient with HD diagnose will undergo a series of tests and procedures that will determine what areas of the body are affected. These procedures will include documentation of their histology, a physical examination, blood tests, chest X-ray radiographs, computed tomography (CT) scans or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of the chest, abdomen and pelvis, and a bone marrow biopsy. Positron emission tomography (PET) scan.
Hodgkin's disease was one of the first cancers which could be treated using radiation therapy and, later, it was one of the first to be treated by combination chemotherapy.
If Hodgkin's disease is in its early stages and disease is contained above the diaphragm, the large abdominal muscle that controls breathing, radiation therapy typically has been the treatment of choice. In general, the radiation dose depends upon the stage of HD. However, if early stage cancer is found below the diaphragm, treatment may involve chemotherapy, with or without radiation therapy.
Late-stage HD in adults who do not have much involvement of the chest may be managed by total nodal irradiation, with/without liver irradiation, or chemotherapy, with/without radiation therapy to areas of bulky disease.
Adults with more extensive HD often will be treated with chemotherapy alone or in combination with total nodal irradiation or radiation to areas of bulky disease, or bone marrow transplantation.
If the patient experiences a relapse (the disease comes back), treatment is determined by two things: the previous form of therapy, and the new location of disease. If the patient was first treated with radiation therapy, usually appearing within 2 years of treatment, then chemotherapy usually is given.
Hodgkin's disease one of the more curable forms of cancer. The survival rate is 90% or higher when the disease is detected during early stages, and is one of the handful of cancers that, even in its later stages, has a very high cure rate. Most patients who are able to be successfully treated and thus enter remission generally go on and live long lives.
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