Stomach or gastric cancer can develop in any part of the stomach and may spread throughout the stomach and to other organs; particularly the esophagus, lungs and the liver. Age and gender are risk factors and the disease is more common in men over the age of 55.
Most (85%) cases of gastric cancer are adenocarcinomas that occur in the lining of the stomach (mucosa). Approximately 40% of cases develop in the lower part of the stomach (pylorus); 40% develop in the middle part (body); and 15% develop in the upper part (cardia). In about 10% of cases, cancer develops in more than one part of the organ.
Diagnosis of stomach cancer involves taking a medical history and performing a physical examination and laboratory tests. A palpable (i.e., able to be felt with the fingers) tumor or mass may indicate advanced disease. Tests may include fecal occult blood test, complete blood count (CBC), upper GI series (also called barium swallow), gastroscopy, and imaging tests.
Treatment for stomach cancer depends on the size, location, and extent of the tumor; the stage of the disease; and the patient's age and overall health. Cancer of the stomach is difficult to cure unless it is found in an early stage (before it has begun to spread). Treatment for stomach cancer in forging hospitals include surgery, chemotherapy, and/or radiation therapy. New treatment approaches such as biological therapy and improved ways of using current methods are being studied in clinical trials.
Surgical removal (resection) is the only curative treatment. Chemotherapy and radiation therapy may be used in addition to surgery (adjuvant treatment) or as palliative treatment.
Factors that increase your risk of stomach cancer include:
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